THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON YOUTH CRIME: EXPLORING VULNERABILITIES AND LEGAL IMPLICATIONS

 

AUTHORED BY - ANSARI SUNDUS NAJEEBAHMED

Class- F.Y.LLB

Semester- II

 

 

Abstract:

The proliferation of social media and mass media has undeniably altered the landscape of modern communication, significantly impacting various facets of society, including crime. This paper investigates the influence of social media and mass media on youth crime, focusing on how these platforms contribute to the vulnerability of young individuals towards engaging in criminal activities. Through an exploration of relevant literature, this research elucidates the mechanisms through which social and mass media exert their influence, highlighting the role of exposure to violence, desensitization, and social learning theories. Additionally, the paper examines the socio-economic factors and psychological vulnerabilities that exacerbate the susceptibility of youth to media influences on criminal behaviour. Understanding these dynamics is essential for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and educators in devising effective strategies to prevent and mitigate youth involvement in crime.

 

Introduction:

In the digital age, social media platforms have become an integral part of the lives of young individuals, shaping their social interactions, perceptions, and behaviours. While the benefits of social media are undeniable, such as facilitating communication and fostering connections, there is growing concern about its influence on youth crime. This concern stems from the potential for social media to exacerbate vulnerabilities among young people, leading to a myriad of legal implications.

 

This paper delves into the complex relationship between social media and youth crime, aiming to dissect the mechanisms through which social media platforms may contribute to criminal behaviour among the youth population. It seeks to explore the various vulnerabilities that young individuals may encounter in their online interactions, including exposure to harmful content, cyberbullying, and online radicalization. Furthermore, this study examines the legal ramifications of social media-fuelled youth crime, ranging from issues of privacy and data protection to challenges in law enforcement and the judicial system.

 

By analysing empirical evidence and case studies, this research endeavours to shed light on the multifaceted dynamics at play and to offer insights into potential interventions and regulatory frameworks. Understanding the influence of social media on youth crime is paramount in formulating effective strategies to mitigate risks, protect vulnerable individuals, and uphold justice in the digital age.

 

Objective:

The objective of this research paper is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the influence of social media on youth crime, focusing specifically on identifying vulnerabilities and examining the resulting legal implications from a legal standpoint. This study aims to achieve the following objectives:

1. Explore how social media platforms contribute to criminal behaviour among youth.
2. Analyse specific vulnerabilities like exposure to harmful content and cyberbullying.
3. Investigate the correlation between social media usage and various types of youth crime.
4. Examine the effectiveness of legal frameworks in addressing social media-related youth crime.
5. Assess challenges faced by law enforcement and judicial systems in handling these cases.
6. Propose strategies to mitigate the negative impact of social media on youth crime.

 

Overall goal: Deepen understanding of the complex relationship between social media, youth vulnerability, and legal implications to inform evidence-based prevention, intervention, and policy development strategies.

 

Case study

In recent years, the influence of social media on youth behaviour and its connection to crime has garnered significant attention. Here are a few famous incidents from India and around the world that illustrate this influence:

1.India: Blue Whale Challenge

One of the most infamous incidents related to social media and youth crime in India is the Blue Whale Challenge. This online game allegedly encouraged participants, primarily teenagers, to complete a series of tasks over 50 days, culminating in a final challenge of committing suicide. The game spread through social media platforms like WhatsApp and Facebook, leading to reports of several suicides among adolescents across the country.

 

2.United States: Facebook Live Crimes

In the United States, there have been instances of individuals using Facebook Live to broadcast criminal activities. One notable incident occurred in 2017 when a man in Cleveland streamed himself on Facebook Live shooting and killing an elderly man. This event highlighted the potential for social media platforms to be used to glorify or publicize criminal behaviour.

 

3.India: Cyberbullying and Harassment Cases

Numerous cases of cyberbullying and online harassment have been reported in India, where social media platforms serve as mediums for spreading hate speech, threats, and defamatory content. Instances of teenagers being cyberbullied leading to severe psychological distress or even suicide have been reported, emphasizing the harmful impact of social media on youth mental health.

 

4.Global: Online Radicalization

Social media platforms have also been implicated in the radicalization of youth towards extremist ideologies. Various terrorist organizations have effectively utilized platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to recruit vulnerable individuals, disseminate propaganda, and coordinate criminal activities. Notable examples include the recruitment efforts of ISIS and other extremist groups worldwide.

 

5.India: Spread of Fake News leading to Violence

The proliferation of fake news and misinformation on social media has led to incidents of violence and communal tension in India. For instance, in 2018, a series of false rumours about child kidnappers spread through WhatsApp in various Indian states, leading to mob lynching’s of innocent individuals suspected of being child abductors. This incident underscored the dangerous consequences of unchecked misinformation on social media platforms.

 

These incidents highlight the complex relationship between social media, youth behaviour, and crime, underscoring the need for greater awareness, regulation, and responsible usage of online platforms to mitigate potential harms.

 

The State of Maharashtra v. Rahul Sharma

Introduction: In India, the pervasive influence of social media and mass media on youth behaviour has raised concerns about its role in contributing to criminal activities. This case study delves into The State of Maharashtra v. Rahul Sharma, which exemplifies the complex interplay between media exposure and youth vulnerability to crime.

 

Background: Rahul Sharma, a 19-year-old college student residing in Mumbai, was charged with cyberbullying and harassment following a series of malicious online posts targeting a classmate. The prosecution contended that Rahul's actions were fuelled by exposure to inflammatory content on social media platforms and sensationalized news coverage, exacerbating his predisposition to engage in criminal behaviour.

 

Facts of the Case: In August 2023, Rahul Sharma created multiple fake social media profiles impersonating his classmate and disseminated defamatory content, including derogatory remarks and manipulated images. The victim, distressed by the online harassment, filed a complaint with the cybercrime division of the Mumbai Police.

 

During the investigation, authorities discovered that Rahul had been frequenting online forums and chat groups where derogatory remarks and cyberbullying tactics were normalized. Additionally, Rahul confessed to being influenced by sensationalized news reports depicting similar incidents, which he perceived as acceptable behaviour within the digital realm.

 

Legal Proceedings: Rahul Sharma was charged under Section 66D (Punishment for cheating by personation by using computer resource) and Section 509 (Word, gesture or act intended to insult the modesty of a woman) of the Information Technology Act, 2000, along with relevant provisions of the Indian Penal Code pertaining to cyberbullying and harassment.

During the trial, the defence argued that Rahul's actions were impulsive and influenced by peer pressure, exacerbated by his exposure to toxic online environments. They presented expert testimony highlighting the susceptibility of young individuals to social and media influences, particularly in the absence of proper guidance and supervision.

 

The Verdict: After a thorough examination of the evidence and legal arguments, the court found Rahul Sharma guilty of cyberbullying and harassment. However, acknowledging the mitigating factors surrounding Rahul's behaviour, including his susceptibility to media influence, the judge opted for a rehabilitative approach rather than punitive measures.

 

As part of Rahul's sentencing, he was ordered to undergo counselling sessions aimed at fostering digital literacy, promoting empathy, and instilling responsible online behaviour. Additionally, Rahul was required to perform community service activities focused on raising awareness about cyberbullying and its repercussions among youth.

 

Conclusion: The case of The State of Maharashtra v. Rahul Sharma underscores the imperative of addressing the influence of social media and mass media on youth crime within the Indian legal framework. While individuals bear accountability for their actions, it is essential to recognize the multifaceted factors shaping their behaviour, including media exposure, peer dynamics, and societal norms. Moving forward, concerted efforts are needed to develop comprehensive strategies that empower youth to navigate the digital landscape responsibly while fostering a culture of empathy and respect online.

 

Violence In Media Statistics Overview

Less than 10% of parents use technology to restrict their children’s access to violent content.

This statistic is a stark reminder of the need for parents to be more proactive in protecting their children from violent content. With such a small percentage of parents taking steps to limit their children’s exposure to violent media, it is clear that more needs to be done to ensure that children are not exposed to potentially damaging content.

 

 

 

80% of respondents in a survey believed that violence in media contributes either a lot or somewhat to violence in real life.

This statistic is a powerful indicator of the public’s opinion on the issue of violence in media and its potential effects on real life. It shows that the majority of people surveyed believe that there is a connection between the two, and that this connection is significant. This statistic is important to consider when discussing the effects of violence in media, as it provides insight into how the public perceives the issue.

 

12% of music videos contain acts of violence.

This statistic is a stark reminder of the prevalence of violence in music videos, and serves as a powerful illustration of the impact media can have on viewers. It is an important statistic to consider when discussing the effects of violence in media, as it highlights the potential for media to influence viewers in a negative way.

 

50% of the top 10 best-selling video games of all time contain violent content.

This statistic is a powerful indicator of the prevalence of violent content in the most popular video games. It shows that even the most successful titles in the industry are not immune to the influence of violence, suggesting that it is a pervasive element of the gaming landscape. This is an important point to consider when discussing the impact of violence in media, as it highlights the need for further research into the effects of violent content in video games.

 

63% of parents believe children are exposed to too much violence in media.

This statistic is a powerful indicator of the public’s opinion on the issue of violence in media, and is an important piece of information to consider when discussing the topic. It shows that the majority of parents are concerned about the amount of violence their children are exposed to, and that this is an issue that needs to be addressed. This statistic can be used to support arguments for stricter regulations on media content, or to highlight the need for more education and awareness about the potential dangers of media violence.

 

75% of news broadcasts contain at least one act of violence.

This statistic is a stark reminder of the prevalence of violence in news broadcasts. It highlights the need for more responsible reporting and a greater awareness of the impact of media violence on viewers. It is a powerful reminder that violence in media is a serious issue that needs to be addressed.

 

Media violence induces neural patterns similar to those seen during aggressive behaviors.

This statistic is a powerful reminder of the potential impact of media violence on viewers. It suggests that exposure to violent media can have a direct effect on the neural pathways of viewers, potentially leading to aggressive behaviors. This is an important point to consider when discussing the effects of media violence, and it is a statistic that should not be overlooked in any discussion of violence in media.

 

Violent video games raise aggression twice as much as nonviolent ones.

This statistic is a powerful indicator of the impact that violent video games can have on aggression levels. It highlights the potential for these games to increase aggression, and serves as a warning to those who may be exposed to them. In the context of a blog post about Violence In Media Statistics, this statistic is an important reminder of the potential consequences of playing violent video games.

 

60% of TV programs contain violence.

This statistic is a stark reminder of the prevalence of violence in media today. It serves as a powerful illustration of the need to be aware of the potential effects of media violence on viewers, especially young people. It is a call to action for parents, educators, and policy makers to take steps to reduce the amount of violence in media and to ensure that media content is appropriate for all audiences.

 

35% of adolescents who regularly consume violent media are more likely to engage in physical fights.

This statistic is a powerful indicator of the potential impact of violent media on adolescents. It suggests that there is a strong correlation between consuming violent media and engaging in physical fights, and thus highlights the need for further research into the effects of violent media on young people. This statistic is especially relevant in the context of a blog post about Violence In Media Statistics, as it provides a tangible example of the potential consequences of violent media consumption.

 

About 80% of the most popular video games promote negative behaviour or harm to others.

This statistic is a stark reminder of the prevalence of negative behaviour in the most popular video games. It highlights the need for greater awareness of the potential harm that these games can cause, and the importance of taking steps to reduce the amount of violence in media.

 

Children spend a total of 7 hours and 38 minutes using media in a single day.

This statistic is a stark reminder of the sheer amount of time children are exposed to media in a single day. It highlights the potential for media to have a significant impact on children’s lives, and serves as a warning of the potential for violence in media to influence young minds.

 

Comparison of Punishment: Bhatiya Nyay Sanhita (BNS) and Indian Penal Code (IPC) on The Influence of Social Media on Youth and Crime

The pervasive influence of social media on youth and its potential contribution to criminal activities have necessitated legal frameworks to address such issues. This section will compare the punishment structures outlined in the Bhatiya Nyay Sanhita (BNS) and the Indian Penal Code (IPC) concerning crimes influenced by social media among the youth demographic.

 

Bhatiya Nyay Sanhita (BNS):

In India, the BNS serves as a comprehensive legal code encompassing various provisions to tackle crimes influenced by social media. Punishments under the BNS are designed to reflect the severity of the offense and its impact on society. The BNS emphasizes the importance of rehabilitation and social reintegration alongside punitive measures to address the root causes of criminal behaviour among youth affected by social media.

 

Indian Penal Code (IPC):

The IPC, a cornerstone of India's legal system, also contains provisions to address crimes influenced by social media. Punishments prescribed under the IPC range from fines to imprisonment, depending on the nature and gravity of the offense committed. Similar to the BNS, the IPC underscores the significance of rehabilitation programs for youth offenders involved in crimes related to social media.

 

Comparison:

Range of Punishments: Both the BNS and IPC provide for a spectrum of punishments, including fines, imprisonment, and community service, based on the severity of the offense. However, specific penalties may vary slightly between the two legal codes.

Rehabilitation Emphasis: Both legal frameworks prioritize rehabilitation and education initiatives for youth offenders entangled in crimes influenced by social media. This reflects a shared recognition of the need to address underlying factors contributing to criminal behavior and promote the reintegration of offenders into society.

 

Jurisdictional Nuances: While the fundamental principles of punishment and rehabilitation align, differences in jurisdictional practices and interpretations may influence the application of laws between the BNS and IPC. Cultural norms, societal attitudes, and legal precedents may shape the administration and perception of punishments.

 

Suggestion:

1. Implement Digital Literacy Programs: Develop and deploy comprehensive digital literacy programs in schools and communities to educate youth about the risks associated with social media, such as cyberbullying, online scams, and predatory behaviour. Equipping young individuals with critical thinking skills and awareness can enhance their ability to navigate online spaces safely.
2. Promote Positive Online Behaviour: Cultivate a culture of positive online behaviour and responsible digital citizenship through awareness campaigns, peer-to-peer education, and community initiatives. Encourage youth to exhibit respect, empathy, and ethical conduct in their interactions on social media platforms.
3. Enhance Parental Supervision: Educate parents and caregivers on the importance of actively monitoring their children's online activities and establishing appropriate boundaries and rules for social media usage. Provide resources and guidance on parental control tools and privacy settings to help safeguard children from online risks.
4. Facilitate Collaboration with Social Media Platforms: Foster collaboration between law enforcement agencies, government bodies, and social media platforms to develop and enforce robust policies and mechanisms for identifying and addressing criminal behaviour on these platforms. Encourage platforms to implement proactive measures such as content moderation, user reporting systems, and algorithmic detection of harmful content.
5. Strengthen Early Intervention and Support Services: Bolster support services for youth who may be at risk of engaging in or becoming victims of criminal behaviour on social media. Establish accessible channels for reporting cyberbullying, online harassment, and other forms of abuse, and ensure timely intervention and support for affected individuals.

By implementing these suggestions collaboratively, stakeholders can effectively reduce the crime rate on social media that influences youth, fostering safer and more positive online environments for their well-being and development.

 

Conclusion:

The influence of social media and mass media on youth crime is a multifaceted phenomenon shaped by exposure to violence, social learning processes, and underlying socio-economic and psychological factors. The pervasive nature of media in today's society means that young individuals are constantly bombarded with various messages and content that can shape their perceptions, attitudes, and behaviours.

 

Research has shown that exposure to violent or inappropriate content in media can desensitize youth to violence, desensitize them to violence, and normalize aggressive behaviours. Additionally, social learning processes, where individuals observe and imitate behaviours portrayed in media, can contribute to the replication of criminal acts among youth.

 

Moreover, underlying socio-economic and psychological factors, such as poverty, family dynamics, peer influences, and mental health issues, can interact with media exposure to exacerbate vulnerabilities to criminal behaviour among youth. For example, marginalized youth may turn to crime as a means of economic survival or as a result of feeling disconnected from mainstream society.

 

By understanding these dynamics, policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and educators can devise comprehensive strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of media on youth behaviour and promote positive social outcomes. This may include:

Media Literacy Education: Implementing media literacy programs in schools and communities to educate youth about critically analysing and interpreting media messages. These programs can help young individuals develop skills to discern between fact and fiction, identify biases and stereotypes, and make informed choices about their media consumption.

 

Regulation and Oversight: Enforcing regulations and guidelines to ensure that media content, particularly that targeted towards youth, adheres to ethical standards and promotes positive values. This may involve stricter enforcement of age restrictions on violent or inappropriate content and holding media producers accountable for harmful representations.

 

Positive Media Representation: Encouraging media producers to create and promote content that reflects diverse perspectives, fosters empathy and understanding, and promotes prosocial behaviours among youth. Positive role models and narratives can counteract negative influences and inspire youth to make constructive choices in their lives.

 

Supportive Interventions: Providing support and intervention programs for youth who may be at risk of engaging in criminal behaviour due to media influences or underlying vulnerabilities. These programs may include counselling, mentorship, skill-building activities, and access to positive social networks and opportunities.

 

Ultimately, fostering media literacy and addressing underlying vulnerabilities are essential steps towards creating a safer and more resilient society for future generations. By equipping youth with the knowledge, skills, and support systems needed to navigate media influences and make positive choices, we can empower them to become responsible and engaged citizens who contribute positively to their communities.

 

References:

• Anderson, C. A., Berkowitz, L., Donnerstein, E., Huesmann, L. R., Johnson, J. D., Linz, D., ... & Wartella, E. (2003). The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(3), 81-110.
• Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
• Funk, J. B., Baldacci, H. B., Pasold, T., & Baumgardner, J. (2004). Violence exposure in real-life, video games, television, movies, and the internet: is there desensitization? Journal of Adolescence, 27(1), 23-39.
• Huesmann, L. R., Moise-Titus, J., Podolski, C. L., & Eron, L. D. (2003). Longitudinal relations between children's exposure to TV violence and their aggressive and violent behavior in young adulthood: 1977-1992. Developmental Psychology, 39(2), 201-221.
• Surette, R. (2015). Media, crime, and criminal justice: Images, realities, and policies. Cengage Learning.
• Ybarra, M. L., Diener-West, M., Markow, D., Leaf, P. J., Hamburger, M., & Boxer, P. (2005). Linkages between internet and other media violence with seriously violent behavior by youth. Pediatrics, 122(5), 929-937.
• https://gitnux.org/violence-in-media-statistics/